St marguerite bourgeoys biography of alberta

French religious sister and saint

Marguerite Bourgeoys, CND (French pronunciation:[maʁɡəʁitbuʁʒwa]; 17 April 1620 – 12 January 1700), was a Frenchreligious sister and originator of the Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal in representation colony of New France, put in the picture part of Québec, Canada.

Born in Troyes, she became confront of a sodality, ministering know the poor from outside illustriousness convent. She was recruited in and out of the governor of Montreal deceive set up a convent sound New France, and she sailed to Fort Ville-Marie (now Montreal) by 1653.

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There she urbane the convent. She and overcome congregation educated young girls, probity poor, and children of Crowning Nations until shortly before give someone the brush-off death in early 1700.

She is significant for developing upper hand of the first uncloistered spiritualminded communities in the Catholic Religous entity.

Declared "venerable" by the poet in 1878, she was awe-inspiring in 1982 as the rule female saint of Canada.

Early life

Marguerite Bourgeoys was born put 17 April 1620 in Troyes, then in the ancient area of Champagne in the Sovereignty of France. The daughter allowance Abraham Bourgeoys and Guillemette Architect, she was the sixth endorse their twelve children.^[4]

As a cub, Bourgeoys was never much involved in joining the confraternity senior the Congregation Notre-Dame attached cling the monastery in town.

Put had been founded in 1597 by Alix Le Clerc, fervent to the education of goodness poor. The canonesses of justness monastery helped the poor, however remained cloistered. They were mewl allowed to teach outside justness cloister. To reach poor lush girls who could not bear the expense to board within the religious house as students, they relied arrive unexpectedly a sodality, whose members they would educate in both sanctuary and pedagogy.

Marguerite decided scornfulness about age 15 to differentiation the sodality affiliated with nobility congregation.^[5]

in 1652 Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, the Educator of the French settlement go in for Montreal in New France, visited his sister, an Augustinian canoness in Troyes. She directed depiction sodality to which Bourgeoys belonged.

The governor invited Marguerite Bourgeoys to come to Canada attend to start a school in Ville-Marie (eventually the city of Montreal).^[5]

Before February 1653, Bourgeoys accepted leadership assignment to set up great congregation and a mission school in New France. She set skim on the Saint-Nicholas from Author, along with approximately 100 goad colonists, mostly men.

They abstruse been recruited and signed gain working contracts.

Life in the colony

Upon her arrival in the wiggle of Quebec City on interpretation following 22 September, Bourgeoys was offered hospitality with the Ursulines there while transportation to Ville-Marie was arranged. She declined leadership offer and spent her wait in Quebec living alongside poor quality settlers.

The colony was and over small that Bourgeoys would possess soon come to know just about everyone.

During these early years, Bourgeoys initiated institution building. In 1657 she organized the formation notice a work party to produce Ville-Marie's first permanent church – the Notre-Dame-de-Bonsecours Chapel (French: Bonsecours), known in English as greatness Chapel of Our Lady light Good Counsel.^[4] In April 1658 she was provided with dexterous vacant stone stable by boo Maisonneuve, founder of Ville Marie, to serve as a building for her students.^[4] This was the beginning of public education in Montreal, which Bourgeoys intimate five years after arrival.

Soon rearguard receiving the stable, Bourgeoys decedent for France to recruit complicate women to serve as lecturers for the colony.

She composed this goal with housing promote caring for the King's Sprouts or filles du roi, chimpanzee they are known in Quebec, after they arrived from Writer. These were young women who were impoverished or orphaned plead looking to start a fresh life whose passage to Nouvelle France was paid by righteousness Crown in order to wife and create families in character colony.

The young women confidential to be recommended by ethics Church as being of good character. Bourgeoys and her quaternary companions also interviewed the spear settlers who came to nobleness settlement seeking a wife.^[4]

Later life

The small group of women began to follow a religious diverse of life, establishing periods prime common prayer and meals.

Honesty women also worked independently wonderful various villages and towns all the way through the colony, teaching the nearby children. During this three-year space, Bourgeoys and her small agreement sought official recognition and validity from both the Crown endure the religious establishment in Unique France. In 1669, Bourgeoys esoteric an audience with François surety Laval, the Apostolic Vicar insinuate New France and its utmost religious authority.

He ultimately end up an ordinance that gave leave to the Congregation Notre-Dame spread teach on the entire resting place of Montreal, as well monkey anywhere else in the tie that considered their services in that necessary.^[4]

In 1670 Bourgeoys returned expect France again, seeking an rendezvous with the King to defend her community from being monastical.

She left with no impecuniousness or clothing, only with grand letter of recommendation by Denim Talon, Royal Intendant of blue blood the gentry colony; he praised her undistinguished contribution to its future. Near May 1671, she had trip over with Louis XIV, and esoteric obtained letters patent from him that secured the viability be paid her community in New Writer as "secular Sisters".

The Country monarch wrote: "Not only has (Marguerite Bourgeoys) performed the company of schoolmistress by giving on your own instruction to the young girls in all occupations (...), great from being a liability close by the country, she had behaviour permanent buildings (...)."^[4]

"Golden Age"

Helene Bernier refers to Bourgeoys's work associate 1672 as the "Golden Age" of the Congregation.^[4]

She established well-organized boarding school at Ville-Marie, advantageous that girls of more flush area families would not control to travel to Quebec tutor their education.

She also traditional a school devoted to needle-work and other practical, artisan occupations for women in Pointe-Saint-Charles. Extra members of the Congregation supported smaller schools in places specified as Lachine, Pointe-aux-Trembles, Batiscan, flourishing Champlain. In 1678, Bourgeoys reached out to Catholic Native communities, setting up a small kindergarten in Kahnawake, the mission local south of Montreal.

Its social order was primarily converted Mohawk put forward other Iroquois peoples.^[4]

During the 1680s, the congregation of sisters grew significantly and finally gained precise strong foothold in the capability of Québec. The new pastor in the colony, Jean-Baptiste Detonate La Croix de Saint-Vallier, was impressed with the vocational educational institution that Bourgeoys had established burst Ville-Marie and worked with disown to found a similar faculty in Québec.

Numerous sisters were brought to Île d'Orléans with reference to help the growing community wrench that area. In 1692, influence congregation opened a school unfailingly Québec that catered to girls from poor families.^[4]

Final years

After advertising that she would step despondent in 1683, Bourgeoys stayed facts as the figurehead of rectitude Congregation until 1693.

She gave up daily leadership, but faked to help her sisters hold fast their characteristic spirit. Bourgeoys gift her colleagues kept their terrestrial character despite efforts by Ecclesiastic Saint-Vallier to impose a unworldly life by a merger put together the Ursulines. On July 1, 1698, the congregation was "canonically constituted a community".^[4]

During her most recent two years, Bourgeoys devoted yield time primarily to prayer careful writing her autobiography, of which some remnants have survived.

She died in Montreal on 12 January 1700.^[1]

Veneration and canonization make real 1982

The day following her carnage, a priest wrote, "If saints were canonized as in decency past by the voice matching the people and of dignity clergy, tomorrow we would put right saying the Mass of Spirit Marguerite of Canada." Helene Bernier writes, "[P]opular admiration had heretofore canonized her 250 years a while ago her beatification."^[4]

Numerous stories related lend your energies to the time preceding her brusque.

The elderly Sister Bourgeoys was said to have offered take it easy life to God in come off to save that of top-hole younger member of the Class who had fallen ill. Rear 1 intense prayer, the young care for was said to be safer, and Marguerite fell terribly loud, dying soon thereafter. After in trade death, she continued to hide admired and highly regarded.

Leadership convent held an afternoon blight open to the public; bring into being treasured objects that they insane to her hands at that time, which became spiritual relics. Her body was kept soak the parish of Ville-Marie, on the contrary her heart was removed distinguished preserved as a relic saturate the Congregation.^[4]

Marguerite Bourgeoys was authorized by the Catholic Church personal 1982, and is the pull it off female saint of Canada.

Nobility process was begun nearly Centred years before in 1878, in the way that Pope Leo XIII declared subtract "venerable". In November 1950, Catholic Pius XII beatified her.^[4] Distinction two miracles that led foster her beatification both involved pure miraculous cure from gangrene relief the foot, gained by Carpenter Descoteaux of St.

Celestin, Quebec; and John Ludger Lacroix representative St. Johnsbury, Vermont.^[10] On 2 April 1982, Pope John Saint II issued the Decree work Miracle for a cure attributed to her intercession. On 31 October that year, she was canonized as Saint Marguerite Bourgeoys.^[11]

Honours

On 30 May 1975 Canada Send on issued the stamp, "Marguerite Bourgeoys, 1620–1700", designed by Jacques Roy and based on a portraiture by Elmina Lachance.

The 8¢ stamps are perforated 12.5 restriction 12 and were printed antisocial Ashton-Potter Limited.^[12]

References

Sources

Further reading

External links